AMD笔记本安装Linux时无法加载图形驱动的问题探讨：BIOS设置的影响

中文版

在尝试为AMD笔记本安装Linux操作系统时，用户可能会遇到图形驱动无法正确加载的情况，导致图形界面无法正常显示或者性能受限。一个常见的原因在于BIOS中的特定设置——尤其是当安全启动（Secure Boot）被启用且同时兼容传统启动方式时，这种配置可能会与Linux系统的图形驱动产生冲突。tags：amdgpu nomodeset ubuntu deepin

问题背景

安全启动是一种安全机制，旨在防止恶意软件在操作系统启动过程中篡改系统。它通过验证启动加载程序的签名来确保只有经过认证的软件才能在启动时执行。然而，这一机制有时会对开源驱动或第三方驱动造成限制，尤其是当这些驱动没有得到适当签名时，Linux发行版自带的开源AMD图形驱动就可能因此受到影响。

兼容传统启动方式的影响

同时，兼容传统启动方式（Legacy Boot）与UEFI（统一可扩展固件接口）共存的设置可能导致系统识别和加载驱动程序时产生混淆，特别是对于现代硬件设计主要面向UEFI环境的AMD笔记本而言。这种混合模式可能会干扰Linux对图形硬件的识别及相应驱动的加载过程。

解决方案

禁用安全启动：首先，重启电脑进入BIOS设置（通常在启动时按F2、F10或特定键），找到“Security”或“Boot Security”选项，将“Secure Boot”设置为“Disabled”。
切换至UEFI启动：在BIOS中，确保“Boot Mode”或类似的选项设置为“UEFI Only”，而非“Legacy”或“Both”。这样可以避免启动过程中的兼容性问题。
安装合适的驱动：在完成上述更改后，重新安装Linux，并确保安装过程中选用适合您AMD显卡的开源驱动或官方提供的专有驱动。某些Linux发行版提供了安装时自动检测并安装推荐驱动的功能。

通过上述步骤，大多数AMD笔记本上的Linux图形驱动加载问题应该能够得到解决，从而确保流畅的图形体验。

AMD Laptop Installation of Linux Fails to Load Graphics Driver: The Role of BIOS Settings

When attempting to install Linux on an AMD laptop, users may encounter issues where the graphics driver fails to load properly, resulting in either a non-functional graphical interface or performance limitations. A common culprit lies in specific BIOS settings, particularly when Secure Boot is enabled alongside compatibility with legacy boot modes, which can conflict with Linux’s graphical drivers.

Background

Secure Boot is a security feature designed to prevent malware from tampering with the system during boot-up by verifying the signatures of boot loaders. While effective against unauthorized code execution, it can also restrict open-source or third-party drivers that lack proper signing, including the open-source AMD graphics drivers bundled with Linux distributions.

Impact of Legacy Boot Compatibility

Simultaneously supporting Legacy Boot mode alongside UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) can introduce confusion for the system when identifying and loading drivers, especially for modern AMD laptops tailored for UEFI environments. This coexistence of boot modes may interfere with Linux’s recognition and handling of graphics hardware.

Resolution Steps

Disable Secure Boot: Restart the laptop and enter the BIOS settings (typically accessed by pressing F2, F10, or another designated key). Locate the “Security” or “Boot Security” section and set “Secure Boot” to “Disabled”.

Switch to UEFI-only Boot: Within the BIOS, ensure that the “Boot Mode” or similar option is set to “UEFI Only,” avoiding “Legacy” or “Both” modes. This step helps avoid compatibility issues during the boot process.

Install Suitable Drivers: After making these changes, reinstall Linux and ensure that you select the appropriate open-source or proprietary driver tailored for your AMD graphics card during installation. Many Linux distributions offer automatic detection and recommendation of suitable drivers during setup.

By following these steps, most graphics driver loading issues on AMD laptops running Linux should be resolved, ensuring a seamless graphical experience.